_Read more, know more. Become a member today. What is ISRIA.com?

Log in | Sign up

About us
Your Profile
Logout
Home Analysis Open Sources Africa Americas Asia-Pacific Europe Middle East Latest Daily Latest Files Latest Letter

Open Sources: Africa - Analysis

The EU worried about the resurgence of violence in North Kivu, DRC

more Catherine Ashton, the High Representative, and Andris Piebalgs, the EU Development Commissioner, expressed their outrage and dismay at the attacks and mass rape committed by...

UN condemned the attack perpetrated by Sheebab in Mogadishu

more The members of the Security Council condemned in the strongest terms the attack in Mogadishu, which resulted in the death and injury of innocent civilians, including Members of the...

Security Council condemned latest violence in Democratic Republic of the Congo

more The members of the Security Council condemned in the strongest terms the attacks on United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUSCO)...

Ban called for four-pronged approach to preventive diplomacy in Africa

more Highlighting the crucial role of preventive diplomacy in stemming conflict, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon urged a four-prong approach to defuse tensions and resolve disputes in...

U.S. Officials delivered background briefing on Al Shabaab Terrorist Organization

more Somalia is a war-torn country and Al Shabaab is one of the groups engaging in activities in Somalia in order to advance its interests and its presence. It engages in regular activities against...

UN faces USD 5 billion budget gap for its 2010 humanitarian efforts

more The appeals to help 53 million people in 34 countries – amounting to a total of USD 9.5 billion – are so far only nearly half funded. The inflow of resources for 2010 is only lagging...

Security Council expanded mandate of UN force in Côte d’Ivoire

more The Security Council expanded the mandate of the United Nations Operation in Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI), and the French forces supporting it, in an effort to strengthen its capacity...

Outgoing UN envoy reflects on gains and remaining challenges in DR Congo

more Much of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) currently enjoys a measure of peace but a number of challenges remain, particularly in the violence-prone east of the vast African...

Political reconciliation and basic security the priorities for Somalia, new UN envoy says

more Encouraging reconciliation between warring political groups and boosting basic public security are critical to stabilizing Somalia, the incoming United Nations envoy to the troubled Horn...

Disarmament process begins in northern Côte d’Ivoire, UN reports

more The disarmament and demobilization of 600 former combatants has begun in the northern, rebel-held town of Korhogo, the United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI) reports...

U.S. remains deeply concerned by increasing political repression in Khartoum

more U.S. Representative to the UN, Susan E. Rice, told a Security Council Briefing on Sudan that "With respect to elections, let me reiterate that the April elections were characterized by serious...

UNSG welcomed deal between Eritrea and Djibouti to resolve border conflict

more UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today welcomed the agreement signed by Eritrea and Djibouti to resolve their two-year border dispute through a negotiated settlement. Eritrean President...

Darfur peace talks to resume in June, according to Sudan

more Darfur peace talks will resume during the first week of June announced the Qatari state minister for foreign affairs after a meeting with the Sudanese Presidential adviser. Last April the mediation...

Current Conditions and U.S. Policy in the Great Lakes Region

more The U.S. is committed to helping regional governments, both individually and in cooperation with one another, resolve the domestic and cross-border issues that challenge regional security and stability...

Ban urged Ivorians to revive stalled electoral process, resolve outstanding issues

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has urged all parties in Côte d’Ivoire to resolve the ongoing impasse in the country, revive the stalled electoral process and tackle the root causes of the conflict...

Lack of funding threatens relief efforts in Chad, warns UN agency

more The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) warned today that a lack of funding is threatening its emergency operations in Chad, where two million people are at risk of hunger...

Still outstanding issues to be resolved in Madagascar

more The protracted crisis in Madagascar has remained a matter of great concern to the Malagasy people, SADC, AU, UN, OIF and the international community as a whole. Despite concerted efforts by the SADC Mediator...

The international community has reacted quickly and effectively to the piracy

more UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon told Naval patrols have been deployed off the Horn of Africa. A Contact Group and a Trust Fund have been established. And there have been concerted...

Convention on Small Arms Control in Central Africa adopted at the UN

more At its thirtieth Ministerial Meeting, held last week in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, the 11 member States of the United Nations Standing Advisory Committee on Security...

UN supports democratic transitions in Guinea and Niger, says envoy

more The United Nations is working to ensure that democratically-elected administrations are established in Guinea and Niger through the holding of peaceful elections in the two countries, which...

Thanks to the African Union, Africa is able to speak as one voice

more In a joint press statement of the two FMs, France and Portugal affirmed the EU must play both a stabilizing role in the regions that face such threats and stand for its interests against the risks...

UN urged calm in Darfur as fresh clashes erupt despite peace process

more The joint African Union-United Nations mission in Darfur today urged the Government and one of the leading insurgent groups in the western Sudanese region to stop fighting...

Ban outlined proposals for reduced UN force in Chad

more UNSG laid out his proposals for a revised mandate for the United Nations mission in the Central African Republic (CAR) and Chad in a new report released today, including a significant...

Mubarak received the Eritrean President to discuss settling the Somali dispute

more The Official Spokesman outlined that the visit comes within the framework of the bilateral constant contacts held at the presidential level to discuss the situations in the Horn of Africa and the means...

Mandate of UN peacekeeping force in Western Sahara extended for another year

more The Security Council today extended the mandate of the United Nations peacekeeping mission tasked with organizing a referendum on self-determination in Western Sahara for another year. In a...

Municipal elections campaign started Sunday in Tunisia

more The campaign for the May 9, 2010 municipal elections will start on Sunday, May 2. Thanks to guarantees gathered for these elections to be held in a climate of fair competition and compliance...

Ban stresses need for peaceful resolution of any electoral disputes in Sudan

more UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today called on Sudanese authorities and political parties to peacefully resolve any disputes arising from this month’s presidential and parliamentary...

Iran, Zimbabwe sign 11 cooperation documents

more Iran and Zimbabwe on Thrusday signed 11 documents for cooperation and issued a joint statement. The protocols envision cooperation in the fields of tourism, science, technology...

U.S. and African Union held first full-scale bilateral discussions

more The United States and the African Union have just concluded historic talks on April 21 and 22 in Washington that marked the first full-scale bilateral discussions between the 53-member...

United States is a strong supporter of the African Union

more The African Union is an organization with 53 member-states and over a billion African citizens. It coordinates Africa’s response to complex transnational issues like climate change...

Mexico and South Africa held the First Meeting of the Binational Commission

more The Foreign Ministry reports that the first meeting of the Mexico-South Africa Binational Commission was held today. It was co-chaired by Foreign Secretary Patricia Espinosa and the South...

Sudan Troika confirmed elections failed to meet international standards

more A statement reads "We note initial assessments of the electoral process from independent observers, including the judgment that the elections failed to meet international standards. We are...

Final Declaration of 5+5 Dialogue FMs' 8th meeting

more The 8th meeting of the 5+5 Dialogue Western Mediterranean Foreign Ministers, held on April 15-16 in Tunis under the co-chairmanship of Foreign Minister Kamel Morjane and Spanish...

Two-day extension of vote in Sudan's national elections

more The United Nations today welcomed the decision by Sudanese electoral authorities to extend the voting period in the country’s historic elections until Thursday to allow...

Ban recommends extension of mandate of UN mission in Western Sahara

more Secretary General Ban Ki-moon today recommends that the Security Council extend the mandate of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara..

UN Security Council calls for restraint in Guinea-Bissau

more The members of the Security Council express their concern over the recent military incidents in Guinea-Bissau. The members of the Security Council urge all parties to...

Ban urges leaders in Guinea-Bissau to maintain rule of law

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon urged the military and political leadership of Guinea-Bissau to resolve their differences peacefully and to maintain constitutional order and...

China-Africa Joint Research and Exchange Program officially launched

more The launching ceremony of the “China-Africa Joint Research and Exchange Program” was held in Beijing on March 30, 2010. Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo addressed...

Upcoming Sudan National Elections are important opportunity

more National elections in Sudan in April will represent a major milestone in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement that ended Sudan's twenty-two year civil war, and are an important...

NATO's counter-piracy mission shows results

more 24 March 2010 marked the first anniversary of NATO's counter-piracy mission off the Horn of Africa. Five NATO ships arrived in the Gulf of Aden on 24 March 2009 as part...

Longer mandate for Somali sanctions' monitoring group

more The Security Council agreed to extend the United Nations panel of experts monitoring compliance with sanctions related to the conflict in Somalia for another year and to...

JEM and 5 rebel groups agree to join efforts for unity, Sudan said

more The deal comes one day before the signing of a framework agreement between the Sudanese government and the rebel Liberation and Justice Movement (LJM) which encompasses...

Security Council urged Ivorian stakeholders to revive electoral process

more UN Security Council urged the Ivorian stakeholders to revive this process without delay and to remain within the framework of the Ouagadougou Political Agreement and...

Violence continues to claim lives in Somali capital, UN says

more The ongoing clashes in Somalia’s capital, Mogadishu, continue to spark the concern of the United Nations, which reported today that violence this week claimed some 35 lives...

Political Situation in Nigeria remains unsettled, U.S. official told

more Nigeria is very important to the region, the continent, and to the United States, yet it remains unsettled as a result of President Yar’Adua’s uncertain medical condition...

UN closely following political developments in Nigeria

more The Secretary-General continues to follow political developments in Nigeria closely. He recognizes the challenges currently confronting the country as it continues to develop its...

Examining the U.S.-Nigeria Relationship in a Time of Transition

more Johnnie Carson, U.S. Assistant Secretary, Bureau of African Affairs gave a Testimony before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations: America’s bilateral relationship with Nigeria...

UN, African officials meet with coup leaders during mission to Niger

more A joint mission of United Nations and African officials have met with those responsible for last week’s coup d’état in Niger as they visited the capital, Niamey, to assess the situation...

Sudan, JEM to sign Darfur peace deal within three weeks , official

more Sudanese Presidential adviser in charge of Darfur dossier said today they agreed with the rebel Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) on March 15 as deadline for the signing of...

Deploring coup in Niger, Ban called for peaceful resolution

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today condemned the coup d’état in Niger after renegade soldiers reportedly stormed the presidential palace on Thursday with the stated aim...

Top UN envoy intensifies talks in Côte d'Ivoire to ensure elections remain on course

more The top United Nations envoy in Côte d'Ivoire is holding intensive talks with all sides in the divided West African country to ensure that last week’s dissolution of the Government...

Security Council hails progress towards resolving political crisis in Guinea

more The Security Council today welcomed “recent positive developments” in Guinea, which has been gripped by unrest since Government forces opened fire on unarmed protesters...

We must restore Arab solidarity, Syria's Assad wrote to Mauritania's Abdel Aziz

more President Bashar al-Assad on Tuesday sent a message to President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz of Mauritania on the situation in the Arab arena and the efforts needed to...

European Union extended Zimbabwe targeted sanctions

more Foreign Secretary David Miliband "disappointed" that human rights abuses continue in Zimbabwe resulting in the European Union (EU) leaving the bulk of its measures in place...

Top UN official in Côte d'Ivoire holds talks with PM Soro over political crisis

more The head of the United Nations peacekeeping operation in Côte d'Ivoire met today with the country's Prime Minister to stress the need to resolve mounting political tensions in...

Chad, Sudan seek improved security

more Sudan and Chad agreed on Tuesday to end their proxy wars and work together to rebuild their border areas, a move seen aimed at bolstering security and credibility before impending...

UN-backed talks on Western Sahara dispute get under way

more The latest round of United Nations-backed talks between the parties in the dispute over the status of Western Sahara kicked off today in New York state. The two days of informal talks...

OIC commends Sudan and Chad for normalising bilateral relations

more The Secretary General of the Organization of the Islamic Conference, Professor Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu has expressed his great satisfaction on the visit of H.E Idriss Deby, the...

OIC cautions against ICC's move against Sudanese President

more The Secretary General of the Organization of the Islamic Conference Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, has expressed his deep disappointment over the announced decision of the appeals...

ICC to reconsider adding the charge of genocide against Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir

more The pre-trial chamber of the International Criminal Court (ICC) today was ordered to reconsider adding the charge of genocide to the arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir issued...

UN neutral in next year’s southern Sudan referendum, Ban stresses

more The United Nations has taken no position on next year’s referendum on independence for southern Sudan, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon underscored today as he refuted recent...

Fifth Plenary Meeting of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia

more The CGPCS has since the establishment served as an excellent forum for international cooperation and coordination to prevent piracy. Through its working groups it...

Security Council extends mandate of UN force in Côte d’Ivoire through end of May

more The Security Council today extended the mandate of the United Nations mission in Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI), and the French forces supporting it, for another four months to help...

A new line of terror cuts through Africa, Frattini warned

more “Look at the map: the line starts in the west—there’s Mauritania, where our co-nationals were kidnapped—and goes eastward: here’s Mali, the Sahara desert, then follow the line up to Somalia...

U.S. welcomes Normalization of Chad-Sudan Relations

more The United States congratulates the Governments of Chad and Sudan on the signing of the January 15 agreements in N’Djamena to normalize relations. The two countries have agreed...

UN ‘encouraged’ by recent developments in Guinean politics

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has said that he is “encouraged” by recent political developments in Guinea, especially the interim head of State’s commitment for a return to constitutional order...

Development tops UN chief’s priorities for 2010

more Heralding 2010 as the year of development, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today underscored the urgent need to ensure that action is accelerated to achieve the Millennium Development...

Botswana concerned about political situation in Niger

more The Government of Botswana is deeply concerned about the general breakdown of the democratic process in Niger, with President Mamadou Tandja attempting to extend his term of office through...

Darfur peace process has reached ‘critical’ juncture, Ban said

more The peace process in the war-wracked Darfur region of Sudan has reached a “critical point,” Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said today, calling on both the Government and rebel groups to accelerate...

Nigerian National charged with attempting to destroy Northwest Airlines Aircraft

more A 23-year-old Nigerian man was charged in a federal criminal complaint today (26 December 2009) with attempting to destroy a Northwest Airlines aircraft on its final approach to Detroit...

Sudan is considering joining OPEC oil cartel: official

more The Sudanese government announced today that it is considering joining the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), as a full fledged member, the country’s deputy energy minister...

Canada concerned over Escalating Tensions in Sudan

more The Honourable Lawrence Cannon, Minister of Foreign Affairs, today issued the following statement concerning escalating tensions in Sudan, which arose when the National Congress Party amended...

Holding of elections can contribute to a lasting solution in Madagascar

more Since the start of the Madagascan crisis, France has spared no effort in order to find a consensual solution that will allow constitutional order to be restored through the prompt organization of credible...

Global arms and minerals smuggling networks fuel DR Congo conflict

more Minerals and arms smuggling worth millions of dollars persists in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) despite international sanctions, fuelling rebel strength despite national army operations, and army and...

Not enough cooperation with ICC, British official said about Sudan

more Britain remains deeply concerned, however, by the continued lack of cooperation with the ICC by the Government of Sudan. Once again the Prosecutor appears before us to report no movement on this issue, in particular...

UN Security Council mandates international action against pirates for another year

more The Security Council renewed for another 12 months the authorization for States and regional organizations fighting piracy off the Somali coast to enter the strife-torn country’s territorial waters and “undertake...

France warned about Security conditions in Mali and Niger

more The day after the kidnapping of a French national in northern Mali, and due to a further worsening of the terrorist threat in the region, the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs urges French people in northern and eastern Mali...

Military action alone will not defeat scourge of piracy, UN Secretary-General says

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has paid tribute to all those who serve on the front lines of the battle against piracy off the coast of Somalia, while stressing that this scourge will not be defeated by military means alone. “We will find a solution only by...

France supports inclusive process to resolve the crisis in Madagascar

more The international community has repeatedly signaled its willingness to support the inclusive process to resolve the crisis in Madagascar, as requested by the Madagascan signatory parties to the Maputo and Addis Ababa agreements...

Security Council called on UN forces to help protect civilians from Ugandan rebels

more The Security Council today called on United Nations missions in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Central African Republic (CAR) and Sudan to coordinate strategies to protect civilians from the rebel Ugandan Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), which...

UNSC must strengthen protection of civilians in armed conflict

more The top United Nations human rights official today called on the Security Council to put more muscle into protecting civilians in armed conflict, citing Israel’s war in Gaza and the situations in Sudan’s Darfur region, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Afghanistan as prime examples of the...

President : Expansion of ties with African countries, Iran’s strategy

more IRI President said here Monday in a meeting with Mauritanian prime minister on sidelines of 25th economic summit of OIC, “Expansion and broadening of relations with African countries is Iran’s strategy.” The Presidential Website reported President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad as adding during the meeting, “It is...

Guinea: Security Council called for trial of perpetrators of crackdown

more - U.S. Travel Restrictions The Security Council today again called on Guinean authorities to charge and try the perpetrators of last month’s deadly crackdown on unarmed demonstrators that reportedly killed 150 people and wounded hundreds more, warning that situation might pose a risk to regional peace...

Election and referendum are key issue for peace in Sudan, UN

more Democratic elections and southern Sudan referendum are the key issues for resolving a long-standing conflict in Sudan, the UN Secretary General said. Ban Ki-Moon made these remarks in his latest report on the progress of the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) and the UN...

Ivorian parties continuing to rearm despite embargo, said UN report

more Both sides in Côte d’Ivoire, which has been divided for more than seven years between the Government-controlled south and the rebel Forces Nouvelles-held north, are violating the arms embargo imposed on the country, according to a new United Nations report. “Despite the arms embargo, northern and southern Ivorian parties...

EU adopted measures against the Republic of Guinea

html - pdf - Council conclusions on Guinea The Council today adopted a common position imposing restrictive measures against the Republic of Guinea, following the violent crackdown by security forces on political demonstrators on 28 September 2009 and the subsequent violation of human rights (14697/09). The restrictive measures are made...

Visit by Mauritanian President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz to France

more The President of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania will go to France for a working visit from October 26 to 28. He will be received by the President of the Republic on October 27. He will also meet the Minister of Foreign and European Affairs and the Minister of State responsible for Cooperation and Francophonie. He will have meetings with...

Efforts made to reduce the threat of Piracy off the Coast of Somalia

more In an October 22 speech to some 700 members and guests of the International Propeller Club in Athens, Greece, Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs Andrew J. Shapiro highlighted efforts by the United States and the international Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia to apply 21st century solutions to one of...

Pakistani veteran to become new UN military head in Liberia

more A Pakistani general who is a veteran of the United Nations quick reaction force in Somalia is set to become the next military head of the UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL), a spokesperson said. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has informed the Security Council of his intention to appoint Lieutenant General Sikander Afzal as UNMIL Force Commander...

UN-African Union operation in Darfur voices concern over build-up

more The joint United Nations-African Union peacekeeping mission in Darfur (UNAMID) today voiced grave concern over a significant surge in the number of Government and rebel troops in the war-ravaged western region of Sudan. Blue helmets on the ground have observed an unusual increase, most notably in Sortony and Kabkabiya in North Darfur...

Rapes and attacks on civilians continue in eastern DR Congo

more Night-time attacks on civilians and rape by armed men remain widespread in a strife-torn region of eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) where nearly 5,400 cases of rape were reported in the first six months of the year, United Nations officials said. Earlier this month five women were raped and one of the victims was killed...

Declaration of the EU on the situation in the Niger Delta

more The European Union welcomes the initial success of the amnesty offered by Nigeria’s President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua to militants in the Niger Delta. The EU hopes this will be an important step towards restoring peace and bringing development to the region. In this perspective, the EU also welcomes the readiness to engage in a Disarmament...

Cooperation vital in run-up to Ivorian presidential polls

more The Security Council today called on all parties in Côte d’Ivoire to join forces to complete the remaining tasks – including the publication of the final voter list – ahead of the much-delayed presidential elections, scheduled to be held late next month. The Council, welcoming the completion of the identification and registration of over 6.5 million Ivorians...

UN Security Council approved Monitoring Darfur Arms Embargo

more Stressing its continuing commitment to peace throughout Sudan, including the still-violent Western Darfur region, the Security Council this morning extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts that helps monitor the arms embargo and sanctions on those who impede peace in the country, for the year ending 15 October 2010. Through the unanimous...

Experienced UN official selected to resolve Western Sahara dispute

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon announced today that he intends to appoint a highly experienced United Nations official as the head of the Organization’s efforts to resolve the long-running dispute over the status of Western Sahara. Hany Abdel-Aziz of Egypt, who has 25 years of experience with the world body, will become the Secretary...

UK to support Nigerian government's efforts in Delta's conflict

more Foreign Secretary, David Miliband, met Chief Ojo Maduekwe, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. During their meeting the Ministers underlined the importance of the UK-Nigeria partnership and cooperation on a range of bilateral issues including migration and anti-corruption work. The Ministers also discussed the...

Ban-Ki Moon welcomes the transitional process in Madagascar

more The Secretary-General welcomes the progress achieved in Madagascar towards the establishment of a Government of National Unity. He urges the Malagasy leaders to quickly conclude the negotiations for the appointment of members of the transitional government and make the necessary concessions to ensure that the transitional process runs smoothly...

Sudan denied recruiting former US officials as lobbyists

more The Sudanese government dismissed as false a Washington Post report published last week describing efforts by Khartoum to recruit former US officials to work as lobbyists to press Washington to lift sanctions and remove Sudan from the list of countries that sponsor terrorism. The efforts have so far been successful in attracting Robert McFarlane...

Financial support for Somalia vital to give peace a chance

more There is slow but notable progress towards stability in strife-torn Somalia, but international financial support for the transitional government is vital, with speed being the most critical element, the United Nations political chief said. “Money received today in Somalia will have far greater impact on stability than that which arrives in three...

Botswana concerned about Zimbabwe's Political Situation

more The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation is strongly concerned that almost eight months after the signing of the Global Political Agreement (GPA) between ZANU(PF) and the two formations of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) there are still reports of arrests, violence and intimidation of political opponents...

Signs of progress but challenges remain in Sudan, statement says

more The Special Envoys for Sudan of China, the European Union, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States (the E6) met in Moscow on 6 October 2009, under the chairmanship of Mikhail Margelov, Special Envoy for Sudan of the President of the Russian Federation. The E6 reviewed developments in Sudan since their first meeting in Doha in May...

The International Contact Group on Guinea met in Abuja

more The Contact Group has, inter alia, called for: the release of the detainees, return of the victims’ bodies to their families, free access to treatment for the victims, especially the raped women; setting-up by the UNSG, liaising with ECOWAS and the African Union and with the support of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, of an...

The EU allocates EUR 47 million to support peace-keeping operation in Somalia

more The European Commission confirmed its support to the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) by providing an additional EUR 47 million to the African Union, bringing the EU...

Security Council deplored deadly attack against African peacekeepers in Somalia

more The Security Council has strongly condemned the attack against the presidential palace in the Somali capital that has killed four Ugandan peacekeepers serving with the African Union...

France witnessed positive developments in Madagascar

more On August 13, 2010, 99 Madagascan political parties signed a political agreement to consensually organize a peaceful transition to new institutions and a realistic electoral timetable. This is a...

UN voiced outrage at mass rape by rebels in eastern DR Congo

more The United Nations is dispatching a senior staff member to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) as senior officials express outrage at the recent rape and assault of more than 150 civilians...

Lack of funds may force UN agency to cut food aid in Central African Republic

more The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) warned that it may have to cut its feeding programme in the Central African Republic (CAR), where tens of thousands risk becoming...

General outlined U.S. mission, challenges in Africa

more As U.S. Africa Command matures and strengthens ties with African nations, American interests on the continent become more stable, the command’s top officer said. Africom was...

U.S. President Obama continues National Emergency regarding Former Liberian Regime of Charles Taylor

more The actions and policies of Charles Taylor and others have left a legacy of destruction that continues to undermine Liberia's transformation and recovery. Because the actions and...

Guinea-Bissau's stability is still very much at risk, U.S. Ambassador said

more Narcotrafficking and the effect of drug money in organized crime are a clear and present threat to the stability and security in Guinea-Bissau and in the region. This is a message that has been...

Search for peace in Darfur has gathered pace, said head of UN-AU mission

more The search for durable peace in the war-scarred Darfur region of western Sudan has gained momentum and is at a critical stage, the head of the joint African Union-United Nations...

Sudan denounced International Criminal Court (ICC) as a threat to justice

more Sudanese diplomatic sources stated that "the so-called International Criminal Court (ICC) has resurfaced from its rightful place of insignificance to announce charges of genocide...

Sudan Troika Joint Statement on the Final Year of the CPA

more Today (July 9, 2010) marks the beginning of the final year of Sudan’s landmark Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA). This year will be a turning point in Sudan’s history. With just...

U.S. President Obama warmly welcomed the Elections in Guinea

more The Guinean people, however, demonstrated extraordinary courage and determination to pull their country out of crisis, and to chart a new course toward a democratic future; a White...

ECOWAS Summit ended, stressing need for credible process in Côte d'Ivoire

more On the transition process in Côte d’Ivoire, the Heads of State stressed the need for the holding of credible, free and transparent elections by the end of 2010, as part of efforts to...

UN calls for continued restraint in Guinea after delay in election results

more The top United Nations official in West Africa has urged Guinea’s presidential candidates and their supporters to continue to show restraint ahead of the much anticipated release...

Ban commended peaceful presidential election in Guinea

more UN Secretary-General expresses deep appreciation to all those who have been involved in facilitating the transitional process in Guinea, including the country’s external partners, particularly...

Security Council voiced concern on developments in Central African Republic

more The members of the Council are concerned by the slow pace of the implementation of the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration process and call on the Government of the Central...

Top UN officials in Sudan call for more political support in year ahead

more The most senior United Nations officials in Sudan told the Security Council today that the international community must take a more active role in promoting democracy after the recent...

Top official detailed U.S. Priorities on sub-Saharan Africa

more Johnnie Carson, U.S. Assistant Secretary, Bureau of African Affairs, explained that "Often, Africa has been overlooked as a top policy priority for the U.S. Government. I can tell you that...

New head of UN mission in Central African Republic and Chad appointed

more UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has appointed veteran staffer Youssef Mahmoud of Tunisia as the new head of the United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad...

Indian PM and South African President reaffirmed the vitality of bilateral ties

more The Prime Minister of India and the President of South Africa reaffirmed the vitality of the India-South Africa strategic partnership, based on their commitment to a global order built upon the...

Ongoing political impasse hampering Ivorian peace process

more The ongoing political impasse in Côte d'Ivoire contributes to heightened tensions and hampers efforts to normalize the situation in the West African nation, which has been trying for...

Needs growing for millions facing hunger in Sahel region, UN agency warned

more The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) today warned of growing needs in the Eastern Sahel region of West Africa, one of the most destitute regions in the world, where some...

Security Council converted UN mission in DR Congo into stabilization force

more The Security Council extended the current mandate of the United Nations peacekeeping force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) by one month and agreed to transform...

United States acknowledges the conclusion of Ethiopia’s parliamentary elections

more An environment conducive to free and fair elections was not in place even before Election Day. In recent years, the Ethiopian government has taken steps to restrict political space for the opposition...

High turnout for Burundian polls, UN official said

more Many Burundians have cast their ballots today in elections, the top United Nations envoy to the tiny African Great Lakes nation said today as he praised the peaceful staging of the polls so far...

Security Council voted to end UN mission in Chad and Central African Republic

more The Security Council today voted to end the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Chad and the Central African Republic by the end of the year, with a military withdrawal starting this week...

Continued clashes leave Darfur’s security situation tense, UN reports

more The security situation in the war-ravaged Sudanese region of Darfur remains tense and unpredictable due to ongoing clashes between Government forces and rebels, the joint African Union-United Nations peacekeeping...

Do not force refugees back to strife-torn Somalia, UN urges governments

more The United Nations today again appealed to governments worldwide not to forcibly return refugees to Somalia, where tens of thousands of people have been killed and some 2 million displaced by years...

Darfur peace talks to resume before end of May 2010, Qatari minister

more Darfur peace talks will resume during the last week of the current month of May, announced today the Qatari state foreign minister following a meeting held in Doha with the Sudanese government delegation...

Now is a critical moment for the CPA, Darfur and the region, U.S. envoy Gration said

more Prior to January 2011 there are a number of tasks to be undertaken in a short time period. The United States and the international community in general must be prepared to assist the...

U.S. disappointed on Egypt's Renewal of State of Emergency

more "The United States is disappointed by the Egyptian government’s decision to extend the State of Emergency which has been in effect continuously since 1981. We call on the Egyptian...

Instability in Somalia hinders cooperation in the region, British official said

more "Progress toward a peaceful, stable Somalia would allow the region to cooperate on the economic development that it so desperately needs," Philip Parham, Deputy Permanent Representative...

China will consolidate bilateral relations with Sudan's Al-Bashir

more According to Sudanese diplomatic sources, China's President Hu Jintao has sent a congratulatory message to Sudan's President Al-Bashir, on his election. In his message, President...

Security Council consulted on cutting UN military force in Chad

more The Security Council today held closed consultations on cuts to the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Chad after the Government’s call for the withdrawal of the military component...

Nigerian President Umaru Musa Yar’Adua died, Ban voiced sadness

more UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has voiced his deep sadness to learn of the death of Nigerian President Umaru Musa Yar’Adua, which he called a great loss for the African nation...

UN presence in DR Congo crucial despite call for early withdrawal, says relief chief

more The top United Nations humanitarian official today ended a five-day to areas of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) that have witnessed some of the worst atrocities against civilians...

Somali refugees strain resources of neighbouring countries, UN official warned

more Thousands of Somalis fleeing the violence in their homeland are expected to cross into neighbouring countries this year where they will add to already overcrowded and under...

Ban Ki-Moon pointed to "undeniable" link between Arms Trafficking, other illegal Activities in Central Africa

more The link between arms trafficking and other illicit activities is increasingly undeniable. Yet Central Africa remains one of the few African subregions without a legally binding instrument to combat the...

UN relief chief speaks out against Ugandan rebel violence in DR Congo

more The top United Nations humanitarian official today condemned the “horrific” atrocities committed by a notorious Uganda rebel group in the volatile northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo...

UN Security Council suggested possible tribunals to deal with Somali piracy problem

more The Security Council put forward today the possibility of establishing international tribunals to try pirates, as its members called for tougher legislation aimed at prosecuting and jailing suspects...

Experienced UN official appointed to senior political post at world body

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has appointed Tayé-Brook Zerihoun, who currently heads the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Cyprus, to a senior political post at the world...

Al Bashir affirmed he supports broad-based Government in Sudan

more President of the Republic of Sudan, Al Bashir, has reiterated the keenness to form a broad-based govenment and carry out dialogue with all the political parties, including parties that did not contest...

ICC rejects appeal against dismissal of charges against Darfurian rebel leader

more The pre-trial chamber of the International Criminal Court (ICC) has rejected an appeal by prosecutors to overturn an earlier decision declining to confirm charges against a rebel...

UN trust fund backs projects in fight against piracy off Somali coast

more A United Nations trust fund set up as part of the international fight against maritime piracy today announced plans to support a series of five projects that are aimed at assisting...

Elections in Sudan an important step that did not meet international standards

more The elections held recently in Sudan were an essential step in a process laid out by Sudan’s Comprehensive Peace Agreement. The United States notes the initial assessment of independent...

Egypt is keen on developing relations with African countries

more The Spokesman for the Foreign Ministry, stated that Foreign Minister Ahmed Aboul Gheit, is to conduct an African round visiting Chad, Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon from 19 to 22...

Standards for genuine democratic elections not met in Sudan

more The executive and legislative elections in Sudan of 11-15 April were not in line with international standards for genuine democratic elections due to numerous shortcomings. Nevertheless...

U.S. - South Africa Strategic Dialogue

more This week, Secretary Clinton and Minister of International Relations and Cooperation Maite Nkoana-Mashabane will sign a Memorandum of Understanding laying...

Syrian - Algerian Future Vision for Cooperation outlined

more 25 agreements, memos, protocol and executive programs for cooperation were signed here Monday at the conclusion of the 2nd Session of the Joint Syrian-Algerian Higher Committee...

European Parliament monitors polls in Sudan

more MEPs in the European Parliament election observation delegation to Sudan are currently monitoring the ballots in Khartoum and the southern city of Juba. The complexity of...

Peace talks to continue in Darfur after weekend elections, AU-UN official stresses

more The joint African Union-United Nations chief mediator for Darfur confirmed that negotiations aimed at generating a comprehensive peace deal to end the ongoing conflict in...

UN takes new security steps after deadly attack in north-western DR Congo

more United Nations peacekeepers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and the national army are adopting new security measures after a deadly attack in a...

Tehran, Algiers enjoy strategic relations

more Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mottaki on Wednesday described the existing relations between Iran and Algeria as friendly and strategic. Mottaki made the remarks...

Ban urged leaders in Guinea-Bissau to maintain rule of law

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today urged the military and political leadership of Guinea-Bissau to resolve their differences peacefully and to maintain constitutional order..

New head for UN mission in Chad and Central African Republic named

more Youssef Mahmoud, a Tunisian national who joined the UN in 1981, replaces Victor Angelo who retired this month. He has already been in Chad for over a week discussing...

NATO's counterpiracy coordination with EU and U.S.-led group reinforced

more Warships from NATO’s counter piracy mission Operation Ocean Shield, together with ships from the EU Naval Force (EUNAVFOR) and Combined Maritime Force...

Counter-Piracy Policy: Delivering Judicial Consequences

more America’s experiences with confronting piracy date back to our earliest history, as a newly independent nation’s merchant vessels faced seizure and ransom in the Mediterranean...

U.S. policy in sub-Saharan Africa is positive and forward-looking

more U.S. Assistant Secretary, Bureau of African Affairs, Johnnie Carson told House democracy remains fragile or tenuous in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, and arguably...

New agreement between the EU and countries in Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific

more At a joint meeting on 19 March 2010 the EU and the ACP countries were able to complete negotiations on a new revised Cotonou Agreement. The negotiations started in June 2009...

UN official arrives in Chad for talks on future of peacekeeping force

more A senior United Nations official arrived in the Chadian capital to lead talks with that country’s Government on the future of the UN peacekeeping force in the African country and...

Sudan gave April 2 as deadline to reach Darfur peace deal

more The Sudanese Presidential Adviser in charge of Darfur file, Ghazi Salah Al-Deen gave 2nd of April as deadline to reach a peace deal in Darfur, disclosing he will...

Eradicating arms trafficking will further peace in Central Africa

more The efforts of Central African nations to consolidate peace and further development are being thwarted by weapons trafficking, top United Nations officials warned today...

Top UN envoy calls for two-pronged approach to boost development in Darfur

more The situation faced by those uprooted by violence in Darfur region cannot be sustained, a senior United Nations official said, calling for a two-track transition to promote...

NATO provides airlift support to AU Mission in Somalia

more In response to the African Union request for strategic airlift support to the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), the USA has conducted airlift missions under the...

UN envoy Christopher Ross traveled to Western Sahara for talks

more The envoy spearheading United Nations efforts to help resolve the dispute over the status of Western Sahara is scheduled to arrive in Rabat, Morocco, today on the...

UN rights chief calls for new approach to end cycle of violence in Nigeria

more The United Nations human rights chief said today she was appalled by the latest “massacre” of hundreds of villagers in northern Nigeria, and called for authorities to tackle...

First set of UN troops could leave DR Congo by June, says peacekeeping chief

more The first group of United Nations troops could leave the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) by the end of June, as requested by the Government, the world body...

It’s a crucial time for Darfur and for Sudan in general, U.S. envoy said

more Scott Gration: We must not let this opportunity to promote Sudan-wide political transformation, to improve the overall security, to facilitate a lasting peace pass us by...

UN Chief Ban Ki-moon called for peaceful polls in Togo

more This week’s presidential election is a “crucial opportunity” for Togo to continue efforts to consolidate democracy, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said today, appealing for...

Security Council calls on all sides in Darfur conflict to join latest peace accord

more The United Nations Security Council today joined Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in calling on all parties in the deadly conflict in Sudan’s Darfur region to join in the peace...

Doha Agreement, a milestone towards a lasting peace in Darfur

more Under the auspices of Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa of Qatar, and in the presence of Presidents Al-Bashir, Idriss Deby of Chad and Isais Aforki of Eritrea, witnessed by the...

Côte d'Ivoire: UN envoy meets with African mediator in bid to solve electoral crisis

more The top United Nations envoy in Côte d'Ivoire met with the African mediator seeking to end the political crisis threatening the much-delayed elections in the divided West African...

Development of security, legal institutions major challenge for Liberia

more More than a decade after its civil war, Liberia is heading towards reconciliation but significant challenges remain in the development of its security and legal institutions, which will...

International Community seeks swift return to constitutional order in Niger

more UN Secretary-General is closely following developments in Niger and is receiving regular updates from his Special Representative for West Africa, Said Djinnit. It would be...

U.S. State Department Senior Official reviewed Anti-Piracy Efforts

more Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary Thomas Countryman: I’ll stress three general areas where we think there has been not dramatic progress, but steady progress in being...

Chad seeks withdrawal of military component of UN mission

more The top United Nations peacekeeper is flying to Chad next week after the African country called for the withdrawal of the military component of the UN mission that was...

U.S. Special Envoy Scott Gration arrived in Khartoum for more Talks

more US Special Envoy to Sudan Scott Gration will start a visit to Sudan tomorrow heading from N'djamena towards Juba. According to Foreign Ministry's US Administration Deputy...

UN-African Union envoy urges calm following Darfur violence

more The head of the joint African Union-United Nations peacekeeping mission in Darfur today issued a call for maximum restraint by all parties following the eruption of deadly...

Fresh surge in deadly violence in Somali capital sparks alarm from UN official

more The United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator for Somalia expressed grave concern today at the latest spike in violence in the capital, Mogadishu, which has killed at least 80...

UN on alert as Côte d’Ivoire halts voter registration due to tensions

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon voiced concern today about events in Côte d’Ivoire, where the Government has suspended voter registration ahead of this year’s already delayed...

Joint UN-African Union envoy to Darfur talks peace with armed rebel movements

more The newly appointed head of the joint African Union-United Nations peacekeeping mission in Darfur, known as UNAMID, today met with members from key rebel militia as part...

ICC dismissed charges against Darfurian rebel leader for lack of evidence

more The International Criminal Court (ICC) declined to confirm the charges made against a rebel leader accused of directing the September 2007 attack that killed a dozen African Union...

Chadian President Deby said he will visit Sudan

more Chad's President Idriss Deby Itno said Wednesday he will travel to Khartoum next week to meet Sudan's President Omar Al-Bashir, amid a thaw in relations between the African...

Ugandan rebels kill 100 civilians in north-eastern DR Congo, UN reports

more Some 100 people were slaughtered by a notorious Uganda rebel group in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) last month, the United Nations humanitarian arm has...

Parties in Western Sahara dispute to hold new round of talks next week

more The parties in the dispute over the status of Western Sahara, where fighting broke out between Morocco and the Frente Polisario after Spain’s colonial administration ended in 1976...

Senior UN official urges broad-based approach to fight piracy off Somali coast

more A top United Nations official urged a comprehensive, cohesive and broad-based strategy to fight piracy off the coast of Somalia, noting that the continued spread of the...

Nigeria: Ban urges restraint as inter-religious violence takes deadly toll

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today appealed for maximum restraint after inter-religious violence in the central Nigerian city of Jos has reportedly left over 200 people dead. He also...

UN agency warns of massive food deficit in southern Sudan

more The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) warned today that Southern Sudan is facing a massive food deficit fuelled by drought and widespread insecurity. The warning comes...

African Counterterrorism gets greater Focus, DoD said

more Counterterrorism in Africa has come into greater focus since the United States cited five African countries on a list of nations deserving more scrutiny amid heightened airport security...

United States welcomes Chad-Sudan Engagement

more The United States welcomes the continued engagement between Chad and Sudan to normalize relations as discussed during meetings last week with Chadian Foreign Minister Moussa Faki and...

UN Security Council imposed sanctions on Eritrea

more The Security Council today imposed arms and travel sanctions on Eritrea for supporting insurgents trying to topple the nascent government in nearby Somalia. The resolution, supported by 13 of...

Guinea must seize opportunity to break definitively with violence

more The Secretary-General has transmitted the report of the International Commission of Inquiry on the 28 September 2009 events in Guinea to the Government of Guinea, the Security Council, the...

Setting the Record Straight: No Justification for Piracy off the Coast of Somalia

more Pirates who prey on international shipping along the Horn of Africa and even more distant waters have claimed that their actions are motivated by illegal fishing in Somali waters. This is a spurious justification...

Darfur: security situation worsens after deadly attacks on peacekeepers

more The security situation in the war-torn Sudanese region of Darfur has deteriorated in the wake of attacks that claimed the lives of five peacekeepers, the joint African Union-United Nations peacekeeping mission in the area...

France restored diplomatic relations with Rwanda

more France and Rwanda have today decided to restore diplomatic relations, broken off in 2006. This is the culmination of long and patient efforts between Paris and Kigali. The two countries, bound together, at the same time and...

UN-backed demobilization process begins in North Darfur

more Over 150 ex-combatants who once fought for armed militia in Sudan’s war-torn Darfur region participated today in a United Nations-backed demobilization and reintegration programme which aims to ease the return of former soldiers to their...

International inquiry into deadly Guinea crackdown begins work

more Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon met today with the members of the International Commission of Inquiry set up to probe September’s violent crackdown on unarmed demonstrators in Guinea, ahead of the team’s visit to the country next week...

Greater efforts needed on land to fight piracy off Somali coast, says Ban

more The Somali Government and the African Union force in the country need more help on land to fight piracy in the waters, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon says in a new report released today. “One of the ways to ensure the long-term security of...

Sudan called for all sides to resume Darfur talks

more An aide to Sudanese President Omar al-Beshir called for all sides to take part in talks aimed at ending the Darfur conflict, which are due to resume in Qatar. Ghazi Salaheddine told reporters at the Sudanese embassy in Paris that no one person should...

Chinese PM Jiabao attended the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation

more Wen Jiabao attends and addresses the opening ceremony of the 4th Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Declaring eight new measures of the Chinese government for the next three years to advance China-Africa cooperation On...

8 main decisions announced to improve China-Africa cooperation

more During the FOCAC Beijing Summit in 2006, President Hu Jintao announced on behalf of the Chinese government eight measures to strengthen China-Africa practical cooperation and support the development of African countries. Reviewing the progress...

U.S. and Angola hold Strategic Partnership Dialogue Meetings

more During Secretary Clinton’s visit to Angola on August 9-10, 2009, she and Angolan Foreign Minister dos Anjos agreed to jointly create a new mechanism for bilateral cooperation between the United States and Angola. The resulting Strategic Partnership Dialogue will consist of regular bilateral working group...

UN Secretary-General welcomed the agreement in Madgascar

more The Secretary-General welcomes the agreement reached by the four Malagasy leaders in Addis Ababa for the establishment of a power-sharing administration. He urges the Malagasy leaders to speedily inaugurate the Government of National Unity and to put in place the transitional institutions foreseen in the...

French vowed concerns about the crisis exit process in Guinea

more We are extremely concerned about the arrests of members of the Guinean youth federation who went on hunger strike in Conakry to protest against the "impunity and violence" in the country. We are calling for the respect of civil rights and liberties as well as the re-establishment of the rule of law in Guinea...

Obama decided Continuation of the National Emergency on Sudan

more On November 3, 1997, by Executive Order 13067, the President declared a national emergency with respect to Sudan, pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701-1706), to deal with the unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States...

Re-Designation of Al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb as a FTO

more On October 16, 2009, U.S. Deputy Secretary of State James Steinberg maintained the designation of Al-Qa’ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) under Section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), as amended. The review of AQIM’s designation was conducted in accordance with Section 219...

Final results of Tunisia's presidential and legislative elections

more Minister of the Interior and Local Development Rafik Belhaj Kacem held a new conference on Monday, with attendance of Secretary of State in charge of Regional Affairs and Local Communities Mongi Chouchene, during which he announced the results of the presidential and legislative elections. At outset of the news...

Peace and security in Africa, statement by French official at the UNSC

more I would of course like to thank Mr. Le Roy for his introduction to the report of the Secretary-General (S/2009/470). I should also like to welcome the presence among us of President Prodi. My delegation would like to associate itself with the statement to be delivered shortly on behalf of the presidency of the European Union...

Russian envoy, JEM leader discussed Darfur peace process

more The Russian envoy to Sudan held talks today with the leader of Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) in the Chadian capital where the two parties discussed Darfur peace process and democratic transition in Sudan. In his first ever meeting with a rebel group, Mikhail Margelov, held talks on Wednesday with JEM leader Khalil Ibrahim in Ndjamena...

Guinea: UN plan for probe into bloody crackdown gets green light

more A proposed international probe into last month’s deadly crackdown on unarmed demonstrators in Guinea has received the green light from local and regional stakeholders, with the army captain who seized power in a coup d’état pledging full cooperation, a senior United Nations official reported today. “All fully support the establishment...

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton on the Sudan Strategy

more - background briefing "President Obama and I have discussed this issue over many months and most recently over this past weekend. The fate of the Sudanese people is profoundly important to him, to me, to Ambassador Rice, to General Gration, and to our nation. Sudan is the largest country in Africa, one that has been torn by myriad religious...

U.S. welcomed Bilateral Chad-Sudan Talks in N'Djamena

more We welcome the steps taken by the governments of Chad and Sudan on the visit to N’Djamena by the Sudanese delegation led by Special Presidential Adviser Dr. Ghazi Salahadin, who met with Chadian President Idriss Deby Itno and Foreign Minister Moussa Faki Mahamat. We hope that this meeting and the projected follow-on visit of...

International Criminal Court looking into recent events in Guinea

more The International Criminal Court (ICC) confirmed today that its prosecutor is looking into last month’s events in Guinea, where at least 150 people were killed when security forces opened fire on an opposition rally. “A preliminary examination of the situation has been immediately initiated in order to determine whether crimes falling under the Court’s...

Bookmark this page
Weekly Report

Latest Files
back to top
PDF | back to top

© Copyright 2010 - ISRIA - all rights reserved - Established 2004